Art, Surrealism, and the Grotesque Essay - 4657 Words

The term grotesque in art and literature, commonly refers to the juxtaposition of extreme contrasts such as horror and humor, or beauty and monstrosity, or desire and revulsion. One function of this juxtaposition of the rational and the irrational is to subdue or normalize the unknown, and thereby control it. The simultaneity of mutually exclusive emotional states, and the discomfort it might cause, inspires a Freudian analytic critical approach because of its focus on controlling repressed desires through therapeutic rationality. There are volumes of Freudian art criticism, which typically begin by calling attention to manifestations, in some work of art, of the darkest desires of the id. Perhaps in no field†¦show more content†¦In this discussion, I hope to put a different spin on surrealism and the grotesque by drawing on the works of Sartre, and if were not too dizzy from spinning when all is said and done, I shall have put together a way to investigate the grotesque in Modernist art and contemporary life. After a summary of the surrealists use of Freud and a look at Sartres criticism of surrealism, we will look at surrealism in Sartres work and derive an existentialist definition of the grotesque and examine how this might reconfigure the surrealist goal of liberation. Surrealist art is almost always analyzed in terms of Freudian psychoanalytic theory because the surrealists openly announced Freuds study of the psyche as the inspiration for the practice of surrealism. Andr‚ Breton, author of the many surrealist Manifestoes and the self-appointed spokesman and scribe of the surrealist movement, eulogized Freud, who died in 1939, by writing that: . . .the death of Freud is enough to render the future of psychoanalytic ideas uncertain, and threatens once again to turn an exemplary instrument of liberation into an instrument of oppression (Breton 282). The liberation to which Breton refers, has to do with the freeing of unconscious expression,Show MoreRelatedThe Dada Art Movement During World War I1272 Words   |  6 Pages The DADA art movement was an anti- art/anti-war political movement against war (WWI). World War I caused over 6.6 million civilian and military deaths (World war I by the Numbers, 2015) and this upset many people. Artist’s decided to react and protest using their talent starting what we know as the DADA art movement.The movement began in the 1916 in Zurich, Switzerland connecting art to the social conditions of what was going on in the world. Dadaist felt the battle over the landRead More Surrealism Essay2071 Words   |  9 PagesSurrealism Surrealism was one of the most influential artistic movements of the 20th Century. Andrà © Breton consolidated Surrealism as a movement in the early 1920s, trying to achieve the â€Å"total liberation of the mind and of all that resembles it[1]† through innovative and varied ideas. Surrealism deeply influenced the world in the era between the two world wars and played a big role in the diffusion and adoption of psychology worldwide. Surrealism faded after World War II, but its revolutionaryRead MoreSalvador Dali Research Paper1116 Words   |  5 PagesEldis Lima Art 100 Professor: Plourde 9 April 2013, Spring Qtr 2013 5 Page Research Paper Salvador Dali Biography Salvador Dali was a pioneer. Few pages are not enough to tell the story of an eccentric, hardworking, disturbed and misunderstood master. Born in Figueras, Spain on May 11, 1904 near France into a middle class family. Childhood was turbulent, difficult, and abusive. Raised full of indulgences by his mother that resulted in the known eccentricities he had. (Dali, SecretRead MoreRacism And Racism By Georg Simmel1527 Words   |  7 Pagesman’s relationship to his community, were not taken seriously in this period of time. Relative to sexist and racist advertising, John Berger asserts that women are painted/depicted as owner dependent for the male to gaze at, and that women view such art from the same perspective of the male dominant position of viewer. Georg Simmel proclaims that the issues of modern life derives from an individual’s inability to preserve his/her own individuality of existence in the face of overwhelming social forceRead MoreEssay on Does Dali Dream of D istorted Elephants?2144 Words   |  9 PagesDalà ­ would turn to a religious subject in a time of confusion, or crossroads, and paint a subject so utterly contrary to any of his expressed beliefs or influences. â€Å"The Temptation of Saint Anthony† can be considered one of Dali’s last homages to surrealism and simultaneously a reaction piece to the evident godlessness of World War II. Salvador Dalà ­ was born on May 11, 1904 in Figueras, Spain, a city of Catalonia. He attended both a public school and a private Christian school during his childhoodRead MoreI Know Who You Are And I Saw What You Did By Lori Field889 Words   |  4 Pageswildflowers, beasts and humans intertwined together in a fantasy world. I Know Who You Are and I Saw What You Did, by Lori Field is a hand drawn piece on paper using an ancient writing method called silverpoint. Lori’s style is a mixture of surrealistic, grotesque and contemporary pop. Her process consists of hand drawing either with silverpoint or color pencils and then uses wax to layer the drawings to create one piece like a collage. At first glance this piece captures the audiences eyes on the two womenRead MoreEssay about Artists Work from Their Own Experiences1057 Words   |  5 Pagesthe artists consisting of the subjective and psychological happenings create thoughts and imaginings which are all combined to fuel th e art-making process. Artists harness their personal and psychological experiences, imaginings and feelings to engender their artwork. Jackson Pollock, Picasso and Jeff Koons are artists that use their experience to form their art. Jackson Pollock led a life of fame and notoriety produced by a life of hardships, hard work and bad habits. He was an American AbstractRead MoreFrida Kahlo : An Extremely Well Know Painter1021 Words   |  5 Pages Frida Kahlo is an extremely well know painter, not only in Hispanic culture but also worldwide. She he best know for her very popular self-portraits, but there is much more to learn somewhat less visited, unique surrealism pieces of work. Kahlo was born in Mexico in 1907. She grew up along side The Mexican Revolution, which started in 1910. Aside from this, she suffered a number of other grievances by the time she reached 18 years old that would affect the rest of her life. When she was young sheRead MoreThe Psychoanalytical Theories Of O Connor s Work1862 Words   |  8 Pagesmeanings of her story and will allow the reader to draw their own personal feelings from her work of art. Flannery O’Connor’s work is wildly known as a southern gothic style. Her work has been reviewed and criticized by many different scholars. Flannery O’Connor’s work normally contains a southern settings and psychologically disturbed characters, O’Connor’s readers h ave come to expect shocking and grotesque twists, along with an excellent use of foreshadowing. Even though her characters come off normalRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of The Tell Tale Heart1289 Words   |  6 Pageslived in Philadelphia with his young wife Virginia (a cousin) and her mother. During this period he was also editing the literary journal Burtons Gentlemans Magazine, and in 1840 he had collected his previously published tales into Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque, including the popular The Fall of the House of Usher and the grim King Pest. Now in his forties, Poe had become a well-known writer of short fiction, even though his education was uneven (he left the University of Virginia during

Media Coverage of the Vietnam War Essay - 952 Words

Vietnam and the Medias Coverage of It Vietnam is unlike any war ever fought, unlike other war that we fought none before that brought so much controversy as to how it was covered by the media, it forever changed the way we the public looked at war. As technology evolved so did the ability to cover news. In the years prior to Vietnam there was only radio and television was not yet in every household, not to mention there wasnt no color televisions and very few color pictures. The media not only improved with their technology but they also were bigger than they had ever been. It was not so much the size of the war that really made an impact as to how we saw war afterward, in other past wars there†¦show more content†¦The means of showing those images was not quite there, most people would listen to the radio or those moments shown on television that portrayed the war were recorded and already edited. The coverage with Vietnam was different in that the media was far less regulated. It was harder to hide the truth when the means of showing it was there and the support for the war wasnt. At first the media took the approach of trying to show the Americans as winning the war but the that quickly changed by the way the images showed otherwise. It showed families being killed. What people were seeing on television was disgusting them. Americans were in a war like no other, in past war the enemy would be in uniform and it was clear who to kill who not to, in Vietnam it was different the enemies would also be families who did thing that were unheard of such as strapping bombs to their babies so that to kill a bunch of soldiers because the Americans were least likely to believe that there was any harm to a kid on a stroller. Many military operations were done from civilian homes where there would be underground tunnels where the enemies would be at and could not be seen. Unlike any oth er wars the mistakes of are soldiers were magnified because not only were they seen by there own comrades but by the people watching the television. The impact the coverage madeShow MoreRelatedMedia Coverage On The Vietnam War1549 Words   |  7 PagesThe Vietnam War introduced many new forms of technology on and off of the battlefield. Increased weaponry helped shape the outcome of the war, but media coverage also played a large role in representing the news and opinions of the war. Viet Thanh Nguyen’s The Sympathizer helps illustrate how the media influences and spreads the opinions of the people during the Vietnam War. The war media, which includes newspapers, movies, and most importantly television, caters towards its audience. What the mediaRead MoreMedia Coverage Of The Vietnam War1257 Words   |  6 Pagesleast not in the traditional sense. They fight with audio and video, instead. (Rewrite Hook) This was live coverage of the Vietnam War, a long, bloody, unforgotten, and unappreciated war. Once these horrifying images were cast onto American screens, United States would find itself covered in ruins. Ruins that would cost years and years to rebuild. (Fix Transition) Media coverage of the Vietnam War ignited a new era of journalism and served as a driving force in the public’s perception of United StatesRead MoreMedia Coverage in the Vietnam War and the War on Iraq2062 Words   |  9 PagesWinston Churchill. Ideally, the media has a responsibility of making sure that it does not happen. The media plays a crucial role in covering the war in the most objective, bias-free and truthful manner, even if negative stories have to be reported. In this essay, the comparison of media coverage between the Vietnam War and Gulf War II has four areas to cover, which are the freedom of correspondents, embedding, the reliability and quality of the coverage. The media also plays the role of a watchdogRead MoreImpact Of Media Coverage During The Vietnam War2252 Words   |  10 Pagesbecause news and media are such an integral part of society, important events of wars are typically published in newspapers across the globe, featured on nightly news, and talked about extensively. In fact, it is hard for the average person in Western societies to not be informed about the happenings of particular events due to the fact that this information is so widespread. However, warfare coverage has not always been at the forefront of media. It was not until the Vietnam War that wartime happeningsRead MoreWhat Evidence Exists to Demonstrate That the American Media Coverage of the Vietnam War Influenced Its Outcome?2591 Words   |  11 Pages‘Television brought the brutality of the war into the comfort of the living room. Vietnam was lost in the living rooms of America – not on the battlefields of Vietnam.’ (Marshall McLuhan, 1975). What evidence exists to demonstrate that the American media coverage of the Vietnam War influenced its outcome? There are only two comprehensive inferences that can be drawn upon when assessing the impact and legacy of the reporting of the Vietnam War on America and its media; the impact was enormous and itsRead MoreThe Vietnam War And Its Horrors1130 Words   |  5 Pages The Vietnam War and its horrors came into the living rooms of people through from news reports through television. This war was the first war to issue full freedom to the press. There was a huge response to what people saw in a negative way. Many people thought the war should not have been televised. According to â€Å"U.S. at War: A History of Shame†, it was until 1965 that the Vietnam War became a big story on television. Journalism coverage of this war using television had a huge effect on the peopleRead MoreThe Problem With Vietnam Essays1660 Words   |  7 PagesThe Problem With Vietnam Wartime in the United States has always placed pressure on the government and the citizens of the country to provide support by whatever means to the situation. During World War II, that support was propagated by the government in the form of censorship and a strategic public relations plan to maintain the public opinion in favor of the cause. Glorification of Americas involvement in the war helped America maintain the image of a cause worth fighting for. TechnologyRead MoreEssay about Why the U.S. Withdrew Its Forces from Vietnam in 1973924 Words   |  4 PagesWithdrew Its Forces from Vietnam in 1973 The USA’s involvement in Vietnam started in 1954, for a few reasons. Firstly, the Americans were, as always, concerned with the spread of communism. They wanted to stop communism spreading through south-east Asia. They were worried that if one country were to fall to a communist leader, so would neighbouring countries. This was known as the Domino Theory. These reasons for joining the war in Vietnam and the fact that theRead MoreWhat Role Did the American Media Play in the Vietnam War1741 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: The American media is a vital resource for coverage on national and international affairs. They keep the public informed and report on matters that the United States is involved in so the American people can form their own views and opinions on them. Notably the media simply cannot report on every event that involves America so, they also have the job of picking and choosing between what is most important and what is newsworthy, alongside the task of reporting news reports that willRead MoreHow The Autonomy Of Journalists Are Affected During War Times1675 Words   |  7 PagesTitle-How the autonomy of journalists are affected during war times and the power struggle related to media coverage. New technology During the 1990s, the creation of advanced news-gathering equipment, the apparent growth of the 24-hour news channel, the increase of transnational media organizations and the spread of the internet platforms suggests the arrival of a more pluralized public sphere. The overall effect of these technological developments, according to many analysts, was a reduction in

Cross-functional Team free essay sample

Explain how Google’s HR team members could have been instructed in the teamwork competencies from Table 11-3. We will write a custom essay sample on Cross-functional Team or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page How important is trust to a cross-functional team? Describe how managers can build trust among cross-functional teams, which comprise diverse backgrounds and differing perspectives. Explain which type of cohesiveness, socio-emotional or instrumental, is more important in this type of cross-functional team. What strategies would you offer Google’s Laszlo Bock to help in creating, developing, and leading effective cross-functional work teams? Explain how Google’s HR team members could have been instructed in the teamwork competencies from Table 11-3. How important is trust to a cross-functional team? Describe how managers can build trust among cross-functional teams, which comprise diverse backgrounds and differing perspectives. Explain which type of cohesiveness, socio-emotional or instrumental, is more important in this type of cross-functional team. What strategies would you offer Google’s Laszlo Bock to help in creating, developing, and leading effective cross-functional work teams? Explain how Google’s HR team members could have been instructed in the teamwork competencies from Table 11-3. How important is trust to a cross-functional team? Describe how managers can build trust among cross-functional teams, which comprise diverse backgrounds and differing perspectives. Explain which type of cohesiveness, socio-emotional or instrumental, is more important in this type of cross-functional team. What strategies would you offer Google’s Laszlo Bock to help in creating, developing, and leading effective cross-functional work teams? Explain how Google’s HR team members could have been instructed in the teamwork competencies from Table 11-3. How important is trust to a cross-functional team? Describe how managers can build trust among cross-functional teams, which comprise diverse backgrounds and differing perspectives. Explain which type of cohesiveness, socio-emotional or instrumental, is more important in this type of cross-functional team. What strategies would you offer Google’s Laszlo Bock to help in creating, developing, and leading effective cross-functional work teams? Explain how Google’s HR team members could have been instructed in the teamwork competencies from Table 11-3. How important is trust to a cross-functional team? Describe how managers can build trust among cross-functional teams, which comprise diverse backgrounds and differing perspectives. Explain which type of cohesiveness, socio-emotional or instrumental, is more important in this type of cross-functional team. What strategies would you offer Google’s Laszlo Bock to help in creating, developing, and leading effective cross-functional work teams?

Ufos and aliens on earth Essay Example For Students

Ufos and aliens on earth Essay UFOs and Aliens on Earth If you had mentioned seeing a Unidentified Flying Object (UFO), or spaceship from another planet 100 years ago, you would probably be thought of as a raving lunatic. If you had mentioned one 50 years ago, the case would be thought about, but with much suspicion. Today, many people would believe you, and, if you had evidence to prove it, the government would take a very close interest in your case, yet many people would call you an idiot. Despite all the evidence that indicates UFOs exist, there are still many people who will not listen to any evidence, and the government covers up evidence and alters news releases on the subject. We will write a custom essay on Ufos and aliens on earth specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The Roswell case is one of the best documented, and most controversial UFO cases ever. In July of 1949, at a small airforce base in Roswell, New Mexico,a small, brightly glowing object was observed to crash land at about 11:30 P.M. There were many people who had seen the crash, and they had described that it was brighter, and fell much slower than any meteors they had ever seen.At St. Marys Hospital in Roswell, two Catholic nuns, saw the crash, directly north of them, and logged the crash to have occurred on July 4, between 10:00 and 11:30 PM. Southwest of the base, Corporal E. L. Pyles looked to see what at first he thought was a shooting star, only it seemed to be to large to be one. He testifies that the crash happened about 11:00 PM also. There were many Military officers in the area who had seen the object as well. The object was appearing on military radars for many days before the crash. Before the crash, on July 1, all of the officers and technicians at the base had been tracking an unidentified object on their radars. Starting on July 2nd, Steve MacKenzie, who was stationed at Roswell, was ordered to report to the White Sands Proving Ground radar sites and report directly to the brigadier general at the base. The Brigadier Generals orders were to inform him of all the movements the object made. At White Sands, there had been doubt as to whether this object was a malfunction of radar equipment, or, if it was in fact, real. So , the airforce had other radar sites in Albuquerque and Roswell look at the area on their radars. It was shown that they had, in fact, a real object. During the evening of July 4, the object changed. It was growing bigger, then shrinking back to its original size, the blip was pulsating, then the blip grew quite large, and disappeared from the screen. Because sites in Albuquerque, White Sands and Roswell were tracking the object, the airforce had a vague location about where it crashed. The airforce then decided to launch a comprehensive search the following morning. The airforce, however, was the last to arrive at the site. A group of archaeologists being led by Dr. W. Curry Holden, had arrived earlier. One of the students recorded the object as a crashed wingless plane, with a flat fuselage. The archaeologists then left to inform local authorities of an aircraft accident. When the airforce arrived at the Roswell crash site, there were two other people exploring, a man named Ragsdale and a woman named Truelove. They had been collecting pieces of metal from the site, tossing it into their jeep . But, what they saw after that was much more significant. There were bodies, lying about. There were several of them, about four or five feet long. There were five in total, obviously not human. There were three dead bodies, one in critical condition, and one, apparently fine. They threw the debris clear of their jeep when the airforce started driving up, and got out of there as fast as they could because of fear of being arrested. When the airforce arrived, they looked around, and they saw the large craft in the side of the mountain, partly buried, leaning at about a 30 degree angle, with large pieces of debris scattered about. After the airforce had searched and photographed the area, they began cleaning up. The bodies were loaded into ambulances after being p ut into body bags. The living creature was taken into an ambulance also. The area was cleaned over the next few days. And when I say cleaned, I mean raking the area to get all the pieces of debris and using industrial vacuum cleaners to take care of the rest.A little later, the airforce located a field that the UFO had apparently flown over as it crashed. The field had strange debris scattered all over. A man called Brazel owned the property, and, the airforce then allegedly kidnapped him for three days. They also rounded up the archaeologists, and later, tracked down Ragsdale and Truelove, who drove off as the airforce arrived, Ragsdale and Truelove and swore them to secrecy. After they took care of all the other details, they changed the story from FLYING SAUCER RECOVERED IN ROSWELL! which was submitted by an airforce officer, not a civilian, after the crash to, WEATHER BALLOON CRASH IN ROSWELL! This story doesnt hold up well though. After all the reports were turned in, and all t he witnesses had been interviewed, it didnt look like the airforce could support baloon story. So, they have been changing their stories around, from a weather balloon, to a crashed V2 rocket, to an experimental aircraft. As recent as June of 1995, the airforce officially announced that it was in fact a balloon lofted to view Russian weapon test sites. But, that wouldnt explain the bizarre debris, a foil that would re-shape itself after being bent, and the pieces of metal that would not melt under any temperature. Nor would it explain the Aliens themselves. So, none of these explanations could hold water. The only possibilities are that it was a early US spacecraft, or, a UFO. And the UFO , for the first time ever, is the only explanation that makes sense. .ucd82fb49f61fee684207cfe3f87f22c8 , .ucd82fb49f61fee684207cfe3f87f22c8 .postImageUrl , .ucd82fb49f61fee684207cfe3f87f22c8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucd82fb49f61fee684207cfe3f87f22c8 , .ucd82fb49f61fee684207cfe3f87f22c8:hover , .ucd82fb49f61fee684207cfe3f87f22c8:visited , .ucd82fb49f61fee684207cfe3f87f22c8:active { border:0!important; } .ucd82fb49f61fee684207cfe3f87f22c8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucd82fb49f61fee684207cfe3f87f22c8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucd82fb49f61fee684207cfe3f87f22c8:active , .ucd82fb49f61fee684207cfe3f87f22c8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucd82fb49f61fee684207cfe3f87f22c8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucd82fb49f61fee684207cfe3f87f22c8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucd82fb49f61fee684207cfe3f87f22c8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucd82fb49f61fee684207cfe3f87f22c8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucd82fb49f61fee684207cfe3f87f22c8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucd82fb49f61fee684207cfe3f87f22c8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucd82fb49f61fee684207cfe3f87f22c8 .ucd82fb49f61fee684207cfe3f87f22c8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucd82fb49f61fee684207cfe3f87f22c8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Helping Others Essay The aliens of the Roswell case are the classic Greys. They are short, 3.5 feet tall, slit mouth, and large oval eyes. They are grey in color and have a very hostile disposition towards humans. There is no known record of what happened to the living alien. The last he was seen, was walking under his own power into the military hospital (Not the St. Marys hospital). In the hospital there are reports of some Medics from Washington preforming an autopsy. The alien that was autopsied gave off a tremendous stench, that caused the doctors to vacate the room. The bodies were then loaded onto planes, and no one knows where they went, because of the great scheme the airforce had to hide the bodies destination. The debris from the crash site, and the debris in the field, was also loaded up and taken to different places around the country. There are three main types of aliens that are said to visit Earth. There are many other species that have been reported, but these incidents are to sporadic and unsupported to believe. The first type of alien are called the Greys, short, militaristic aliens with no apparent emotion. They can take a humans life with no apparent regard for that individual. They are between 3.5 4.5 feet tall, and are totally grey with a slit mouth and oval eyes. They focus mainly on the study of other lifeforms, and genetic engineering. Finally, they are a completely cloned race, which is dying because their DNA is harmed after each cloning. They may be creating a mix-breed of humans and themselves in order to create a better race than both. (David House, 1) The second type are called The Reptilians. They are said to be the masters of the Greys. The Reptilians are said to be travelling to Earth on an asteroid where 30 million of them survive. Though that is unbelievable, if this was true, these alien s would arrive sometime in the next couple years. They resemble large, erect alligators. They should also be considered hostile, because their technology is so advanced when compared to ours, and they seem to consider us a lower forms of life. (David House, 2) Finally, there are aliens which resemble a mixbreed of humans and Greys. They are the least likely of alien species to exist, which is unfortunate, because they are the friendliest. They are the mix-breed of Humans and Greys that the Greys are creating. Why they have their own civilization would be a mystery if being a clone is true. The creatures have our advanced senses, while they have the Greys advanced brain. (David House, 3) Many people have different beliefs about UFOs and the aliens within them. Some people say, Hey, if there ARE other advanced civilizations out there, WHERE are they? There are many different beliefs people have today. Some people flatly disbelieve that there are planets orbiting the stars that are in the Milky Way. This is false, as there has been a recent discovery of at least three planets orbiting a nearby star. Also, the Hubble telescope has seen, what is thought to be the birth of a starsystem. The star is surrounded by a large disk of black substance, which proves the theory of how solar systems are formed. But, some people think there is only one civilization in a galaxy. The civilization in their galaxy can not leave their own galaxy, as that would be intruding on another civilizations Holy Land. There is only the smallest chance of that, as there are more than THREE TRILLION stars in the Milky Way galaxy. More believable would be that there are other civilizations out in space, only they are flying around, ignoring us, as they have no use for a civilization that is as far ahead of us as we are compared to ants. No civilization that advanced, would most likely not be interested in humans and their little lives. Again, another explanation would be they used some kind of d rug and hibernation method that would keep that person alive, happy, and able to go wherever that individual wanted to. There could actually be millions of these happy little sleepers hiding on a few planets out there. .u44f957bd2fef5d415e07d1106a6af8e7 , .u44f957bd2fef5d415e07d1106a6af8e7 .postImageUrl , .u44f957bd2fef5d415e07d1106a6af8e7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u44f957bd2fef5d415e07d1106a6af8e7 , .u44f957bd2fef5d415e07d1106a6af8e7:hover , .u44f957bd2fef5d415e07d1106a6af8e7:visited , .u44f957bd2fef5d415e07d1106a6af8e7:active { border:0!important; } .u44f957bd2fef5d415e07d1106a6af8e7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u44f957bd2fef5d415e07d1106a6af8e7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u44f957bd2fef5d415e07d1106a6af8e7:active , .u44f957bd2fef5d415e07d1106a6af8e7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u44f957bd2fef5d415e07d1106a6af8e7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u44f957bd2fef5d415e07d1106a6af8e7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u44f957bd2fef5d415e07d1106a6af8e7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u44f957bd2fef5d415e07d1106a6af8e7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u44f957bd2fef5d415e07d1106a6af8e7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u44f957bd2fef5d415e07d1106a6af8e7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u44f957bd2fef5d415e07d1106a6af8e7 .u44f957bd2fef5d415e07d1106a6af8e7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u44f957bd2fef5d415e07d1106a6af8e7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: To Build a Fire - Significance of the Words Dying Essay Why was there such a flurry of UFO sightings just after the nuclear weapon was exploded in Hiroshima and Nagasaki? Perhaps they just began to fear what we were doing to ourselves. The UFOs began to hover over weapon test sites. The Roswell craft flew over the test site in Nevada for several days, where the first nuclear weapon was detonated. The aliens have allegedly abducted many people since then, performing bizarre tests on them. If it is true that they are depending on us for genetic cross-breeding to save their species, then it would be understandable that they show so much interest. If these aliens are so interested in genetics of our species, why didnt they come here before the 1940s? Well, thats not true. There have been reports of aliens here before the 1940s. Actually, a long time before. At about the 11th century, a diary of a young woman was found that described a red, elongated object that brutally attacked their small town, killing dozens and kidnapping many more. The entire town was burned afterwards, and very few survived. It is very unlikely that someone would make up a story like this, especially in the 11th century. So we must spectulate about that event. It could have been anything from an alien slavery ship, to a meteorite, to a crashing UFO. But, it would most likely be the slavery ship because it Killed and kidnapped people from the village. A meteorite has never killed a person in all of history, not even the comet that leveled 55 square miles of forest in Russia. As for a crashing spacecraft, this woman described a fire beam and terrible devi ls killing and taking people. I have been convinced that there was some kind of alien ship looking for slaves, or perhaps they were starving and we were the only abundant source of food they could utilize. The Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence (SETI) program is an operation set up by the government, which not only sends Easy to interpret information about us humans, like the location of our home world, population of the Earth, and little useful things like that for anyone listening could hear but also listens with some of the largest satellite dishes in the world. So far, they have discovered no evidence of an advanced civilization. Not that they are telling about anyway. SETI has taught us many things about strange types of stars, and possibly even black holes by listening to the radio waves. It is also said that SETI is merely a fake little operation set up by the government to try to convince people they are looking, but theres nothing out there. There are many, many people who claim to have seen UFOs and the aliens within these craft. While most of these are proven hoaxes, and many more unsubstantiated, there are enough sightings that are investigated, and remain mysteries . To say that there arent UFOs is impossible to prove, short of parading onto Larry King Live with a One eyed, one horned, flying purple people eater. The government has repeatedly denied the existence of UFOs for years, but, all the investigations that they have staged seem to indicate that the US military, at least, takes UFOs very seriously.

Primark E-Marketing Assignment- Part Essay Example

Primark E-Marketing: Assignment- Part Paper The aim of this report is to explore if Primarks current website is adding any value to their brand and why they have chosen to go online. Has Primark mirrored its offline success online? 1. Critiques of the Website In order to critically analyse the current website of the high street retail outlet, Primark, it must firstly be established what kind of website it actually is. Primarks website must be categorised into one of the three distinct styles created by Dann and Dann (2004). It may be: We will write a custom essay sample on Primark E-Marketing: Assignment- Part specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Primark E-Marketing: Assignment- Part specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Primark E-Marketing: Assignment- Part specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer 1. Information publishing (content provision/interactive brochure) 2. Transactional sites 3. Mass customisation Dann and Dann (2004) have described the information publishing site as: At web site at its most basic, where the content is the experience and the emphasis is on the provision of information. Primarks site is very simple and holds mainly information. Whereas, a transactional site consists of a category of sites, that exist for the purpose of exchange of some sort e.g. buying and selling. Primarkss site does have some transactional activities, the employment application form; however this is a very small amount of transactional activity. Mass customisation has been defined as A web site where the content and experience are tailored to the individual user based on their established user heritage and other information This is practically not existent as there is nothing that could appeal to the individual user as it holds mainly corporate information. Therefore it seems that Primarks website best fits the Information/content publishing style. To evaluate whether the site has effective design, three key areas can be looked into. (E-marketing, lecture 5, 4/11/05) 1. Effectiveness: * Can users complete their tasks correctly and completely? The site is simple and straightforward to use and fairly visually appealing as the whole site is neutral and plain. The clear toolbar across the top enables the user to find exactly what they are looking for allowing easy navigation. 2. Productivity efficiency: * Are tasks completed in an acceptable length of time? There is little transactional activity present although the employment application form seems to be straightforward and easy to use. Again as it is mainly an information site, there are little tasks to be completed and therefore nothing to slow the site down. 3. Satisfaction: * Are users satisfied with the interaction? This could be analysed by whether the user returns to the website and how far the user goes in. I personally wouldnt return to the site as there is no activities or interaction, this may be assumed the consumer may feel the same with no real reason to return. With no real benefits to gain from the site, a user may not feel very satisfied. 2. Assessment and analysis of Primarks current involvement in online activities By assessing Primarks online activities it should become clear whether it is beneficial for them to be online. This can be done by, firstly, establishing the type of design it is following- a market-led design or a user centred design. A market-led design would consist of tactics designed to engage the customer, encourage purchase, supply offers and incentives and add value to the brand. Whereas, a user-centred design (Bevan, 1999) would concentrate on knowing its audience well, and considering the following factors; * The users purpose for accessing the site? * Who are the important users? * How frequently do they visit the site? * What experience n expertise do they have? * What nationality are they? Can they read your language? With the little information on Primarks site it is difficult to pinpoint the design they may be following. However, it seems to be more market-led than user-centred as there is nothing actually on sale on the site (neither service nor product) to focus customer needs or acquisition on as it is just providing information. Primark has a brand image of providing value for money clothing as do its competitors Matalan. Therefore it would be worthwhile to see how their site compares. The Matalan site immediately comes across as a better quality site. It has a greater amount of information available, more transactional activities with the option to send an email from the site rather than being referred to outlook express. With the bright and colourful images and pages, it seems to be more a user-centred design as the images are targeting a younger audience. The information here shows that Primarks current site is not reaching its potential. It doesnt really seem worthwhile for them to be currently online as they are not brining in any more customers. Forrester research (1998) has shown two of the most important factors- high quality content and frequent updating along with ease of use and downloading speed to keep their customers returning. 3. Primarks current and potential audiences In order to maintain and gain customers, Primark must find out why users would want to visit their site, why they use the internet and what they use it for. This can be done by segmenting the market into the Demographics of online shoppers, Psychographics and Behavioural shoppers. (E-marketing, lecture 7, 18/11/05) The Demographics would consist of facts like age, gender, income, occupation etc. The demographics of the customers that may visit Primarks offline store would most likely be female; under 35s (Primark.co.uk) therefore the website designers must take this into consideration and target users similar to their existing offline customers. Women are currently 44% of users of the internet and ages between; 25-44, are the regular users (Mori Technology Tracker, 2002). This could be taken advantage of by Primark as their target audience already exists. The Psychographics are the social values and the views and opinions of consumers, as well as their activities and interests. Psychographic users can be segmented within this segment numerous times as directed buyers, bargain hunters or entertainment seekers (Lewis and Lewis, 1997) the list goes on. However it is vital to take psychographics into consideration as targeting these users can mean great rewards, for example, the adventurous learners (Coupey, 2005) may be swayed into purchasing a product is marketed to them correctly. The Behavioural aspects of the consumer consist of quantities and types of purchases. This segment can also be segmented within itself as simplifiers, surfers and bargainers (Strauss et al, 2006). If Primark were to target for example the simplifiers, this would be very beneficial as 50% of all online purchases are made b this group based on convenience, quick and quality service. (Strauss et al, 2006) However, it is not as straight forward as targeting the correct markets. There are a number of barriers restricting a user, including cultural issues, technological issues and legal and political issues. A big cultural issue is language although the internet is currently 35.8% in English. Many sites are beginning to provide a number of languages. All the factors must be considered by Primark in order to attract more customers. 4. A positioning statement for Primark (on and offline) Primark stands for; Providing fashion conscious under 35s fashionable quality merchandise at very competitive prices / value for moneyPrimark has established a well earned reputation for stylish, up to the minute looks at exceptionally affordable prices. (Primark.co.uk) From the information gained in previous sections of this report, two perception maps can be drawn based concentrating on transactional vs. content and sales vs. image. (Adapted from Dann and Dann, 1997) On the transaction vs. content map, Primark can be placed in both low content and low transactional sections, as this report finds there is little to the site other than company information therefore it has been placed slightly higher on the content side rather than transactional. On the sales vs. image map, the positioning can be argued to be both low sales and low image by looking at its competitors. In order to be highly sales orientated, there must be a product/service available for the customer to purchase, yet Primark does not have this. Its competitors on the other hand are highly focused on image as it has concentrated on its brand image, displaying its awards and achievements on the home page and with images of young bright people displaying its collections. Therefore, Primark has been positioned low in both sales and image. Primarks offline success is far greater than the successes of its web site, employing over 11,800 people in over 120 stores (Primark.co.uk). If its loyal customers and brand image could be transferred over to the web pages, the site would be far more successful. Conclusion To conclude, this report has found that Primark is not making full use of its potential being online. Research has found that 35% of people currently use the internet for shopping (EIAA, 2004) and Primark should take full advantage of this. Their current web site is not adding any value to the brand nor is it taking advantage of the target markets which are already in place.

Never Fogotten Hitler essays

Never Fogotten Hitler essays There are many people that say it never happened but there is no room for denial in a topic like this. The holocaust did happen and it was a terrible thing. There are so many wrong things that happened during the holocaust. One of the worst things I believe that happened were the murders and killings. Many millions of people were killed in every possible way. The murders were done by every means imaginable, but most of the victims were killed by shooting, starvation, disease, and poison gas. Others were tortured to death or died in horrible medical experiments. The holocaust was the extermination of the Jews and other people who Hitler considered lower. It is one of the world's biggest destructions that caused the murders of millions of Jewish people, which took place during WWII. The Holocaust directed by the Nazi Empire destroyed millions of lives and created questions about mankind that may never be answered. Many psychological effects caused by the Holocaust forever changed the way the Jewish people view the world and themselves. Jews were not the only victims of the Nazis during World War II. The Nazis also imprisoned and killed people who opposed their government on grounds of beliefs. This included Germans who were mentally impaired or physically disabled, homosexuals and captured Soviet soldiers. German dictator, Adolf Hitler wanted a new order for Germany and his so called Aryan race. As apart of achieving his ultimate goal, he would have to eliminate any and all other inferior races. This evil plan later became knows as the Holocaust. Hitler, with the aid of the Nazis and concentration camps, brought terror and devastation to the Jewish communities of Eastern Europe. In the 19th century, Jews in most European countries were emancipated. They were granted rights equal to those of the Christian citizens or subjects of those countries. The Industrial Revolution was under way, and Jews began playing a ...

Food Policy - milk and dairy products Coursework

Food Policy - milk and dairy products - Coursework Example Introduction With the never ending growth of world population there has been steady increase in the demand for food. Also in the last few decades there has been growth in harvest, increase in income of human beings and introduction of variety of dietary disciplines. In 2000, the ratio of demand and supply was such there was a decline in food prices. However, from 2004 onwards prices of most food grains began to rise although there has been growth of production. This is because the rapid increase of global population leads to demand of food that far exceeds its production. The piles of food stocks became depleted, and then in 2005, those countries whose primary occupation is agriculture were seriously affected by extreme weather conditions which hampered food production in those countries. The production of cereal all over the world had fallen by 2.1 percent by 2006. Then there was a steep increase of oil prices in 2007 which increased the costs of fertilizers and other associated cos ts of food production. All these had a devastating effect on the world population especially those sections of the population who are financially vulnerable. As the prices of food reached record breaking high levels, every country resorted to all possible means to protect themselves from the potential crises like scarcity of food supplies and further increases of production costs. Countries who are major exporters of food began to impose restrictions on exports to check the flow of food outside the boundaries. On the other hand major food importing countries began to purchase food from the global market at any available prices. All these factors resulted in creating panic and instability in the international grain markets. This also encourages investors to put their money in grain futures and options markets. For all these reasons, there was further steady increase of food prices. In the subsequent years, a trend was observed that led to apparent stabilization of prices of food item s. But even then prices are expected to remain in the high or medium range thus providing no promise of relief to the poorer populations (Global issues: food, n.d.). Food policies in every country must focus on controlling the price of food to make essential food items accessible to even the poorest segment of world population. Food items that have universal demand among population of all ages are milk and dairy products, hence the objective of food policies should be to ensure safe and hygienic production, transportation, packaging and distribution of milk. The purpose of this paper is to define the parameters of food policy in the global scenario with special emphasis on milk and dairy products. Definition of food policy Food policy can be defined as a set or sets of plans of actions to accomplish certain purposes related to food products. Although governments play a vital role in designing and implementation of food policies, nevertheless the contribution and responsibility of th e private sectors and civilian societies are no less important. Food policies essentially create definite goals to be achieved for the food system and its different stages of food production and distribution. The various stages range from availability of natural resources, production of food, processing, marketing and consumption of food. Food policies also focus on

The Mexican War and Manifest destiny Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Mexican War and Manifest destiny - Essay Example This encouraged western expansion, with the ultimate aim of controlling the entire North America. The federal government policy also served as an incentive to the expansion of the west. This can be related to the Homestead Act of 1862 that encouraged the development of the agricultural west. Another incentive for the expansion of the west was the development of transportation. The economy of the west was based on cultivation of cotton. As a result, the canal system developed because of steam boats. Development of railroads also played a significant role in the development of the west. For example, the transcontinental rail road played an essential role in the growth of the population and trade (Mountjoy, 2009). Despite the expansion of the west, several factors can be associated with the opposition to the expansion. The expansion of the west faced massive opposition from anti-slave Northerners, who believed that additional territories would encourage the legalization of slavery. They purported that western expansion would ensure that slave states outnumbered slave free states. As a result, this would lead to legislation that would favor slavery (Meed, 2002). Although some Native Americans, such as Indians, opposed the expansion of the west, American settlers defeated them. They could not withstand the movement of thousands of settlers because the army defeated them in a number of battles. They were also confined into reservations; the US president, Andrew Jackson, passed the Indian removal act, which encouraged coercive removal of

JFK assassination Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

JFK assassination - Research Paper Example The sheer emotion and rawness of the coverage appealed to people’s senses that brought the people closer to the news. It was also by no means dismissible that at the heart of the breaking news were America’s affable and media-savvy president and the grief-stricken first family devastated by a tragedy. Overnight, the mostly newspaper-reading and radio-listening nation has turned their attention to their television sets to get a blow-by-blow update of the latest news. Merriman Smith, a United Press International (UPI) newsman, was riding in the presidential press pool car just behind JFK’s limousine on that fateful day in Dallas when they heard three loud shots. The second and third sound made it unmistakable that they came from gunshots. Smith immediately grabbed hold of the car’s radio phone and contacted the UPI headquarters to deliver the news update. Cronkite, inside the CBS studio in New York, was just informed of the president’s assassination coming across through the UPI teletype machine. As Cronkite’s news team breaks the station’s regular programming to deliver the assassination news unsure of the president’s condition, Smith was in Parkland Hospital with more breaking story. Smith informs UPI that President Kennedy has died at 1:00pm. Breaking the soap opera slot, Cronkite emotionally delivers the news.2 Smith rushed to the office and fed the whole world with the news through the five bells that rang on the recipient UPI machine to indicate the urgency and weight of the message. Walter Cronkite was a close confidant of Smith’s. He knew exactly what Smith meant by the message fed to the world in such a short span of time. Cronkite took to the television immediately, putting a break to the ongoing programs. He had to go on audio, as the available camera was slow at loading images. Cronkite became the most trusted person in America at that time.3 From the time of

Multinational Apparel Specialist Retailer Marketing Essay

Multinational Apparel Specialist Retailer Marketing Essay HM Hennes Mauritz AB HM or the group, founded in 1947 and headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden, is a multinational apparel specialist retailer and famous for its fast-fashion clothing for men, women, teenagers and children (Larenaudie, 2004). Besides the companys primary and eponymous chain, the group also operates through four independent brands: Collection of Style (COS), Monki, Weekday, and Cheap Monday (HM, 2011a). Growing with the business concept to offer fashion and quality at the best price, by the end of 2011, the group has grown one of the largest global apparel retailers with presence in 43 markets and nearly 2500 stores (HM, 2011a). HM operates within only a single segment: sale of clothing and cosmetics (MarketLine, 2012), which locates the company as a fast-fashion retailer in global apparel industry. High level of rivalry among competitors has been witnessed within the global apparel industry. And the fluctuating price of raw materials, unpredictability of fashion trends and increasing demand of real-time update from consumers also pose challenges towards fashion retailers. However, HM, as one of the fast-fashion pioneers, has an outstanding and steady performance over the years. There are various factors contributing to HMs outstanding performance. Combined with the industrys key success factors, it is essential for a fashion retailer to balance cost efficiency with differentiation, have strong brand-consciousness and global expansion. Also, the continuously heated corporate social responsibility (CSR) issue remains the key to HMs success. Therefore, this dissertation aims to achieve three goals: To analyse HMs performance based on the global apparel retailing industrys key success factors To competitively analyse HMs position against its competitors, especially Zara (Inditex Group) To reach recommendations for the companys future strategy This chapter serves as a general overview of the paper and aims to help readers with the guideline of thoughts in the dissertation. Chapter Two discusses literature review and methodology. Chapter Three focuses on analysis of global apparel retailing industry with Five Forces Analysis, PESTLE Analysis and Key Success Factors of the industry. Chapter Four is the main analysis of HM, starting based on four key success factors: cost efficiency; brand-consciousness; global expansion; and CSR, followed by competitive positioning of the company, financial analysis, SWOT analysis, and ending with recommendations. Chapter Five is the conclusion of the dissertation. Due to personal limitation of knowledge and reach of resources, several parts of discussions in the dissertation could not be conducted in-depth. No dependable survey and data collections have been conducted due to personal limitation of time and financial support. The dissertation is mainly based on figures and data collected from second-hand resources. Chapter 2: Literature Review and Methodology Literature Review This section serves as a theoretical support for the validity of the analysis of global apparel retailing industry in Chapter Three and analysis of HM in Chapter Four. Industry Analysis The analysis of global apparel retailing industry is conducted with Five Forces Analysis (Chapter 3.2), PESTLE Analysis (Chapter 3.3) and Key Success Factors (Chapter 3.4). Five Forces Analysis developed by Michael Porter illustrates five factors determining the level of competition and profitability within an industry (Grant, 2010). The framework is widely used in industry analysis and is conducted by analysing five sources of competitive pressure: buyer power, supplier power, new entrants, substitutes, and rivalry (Grant, 2010) (see Figure 1). Figure 1: Porters Five Forces framework (Grant, 2010) PESTLE Analysis is a framework to clarify and discuss the external macro-environment that affects an industry which stands for Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, and Environmental factors (Nejati et al, 2008). Key Success Factors of an industry is identified by analysing the factors that help a firm survive and thrive within the market environment (Grant, 2010). By analysing two main criteria what do customers want and how does firm survive competition the shared key elements of customer desire and the nature of rivalry could be identified (Grant, 2010) (see Figure 2) Figure 2: Identifying Key Success Factors (Grant, 2010) Combining Five Forces Analysis with PESTLE Analysis, industry environment could be discussed in details in Chapter Three. After the analysis of industry environment, key success factors will be reached by the model to serve as the basis for company analysis in Chapter Four. Marketing Mix Marketing mix model, also known as the 4Ps, is the combination of Price, Product, Promotion and Place, adopted by companies to explore their unique selling points (McCarthy, 1960) (see Figure 3). Figure 3: Marketing Mix 4Ps (McCarthy, 1960) By employing marketing mix model in Chapter 4.2, the unique marketing combination of HM has been analysed. International Product Life Cycle Theory The product life cycle (PLC) theory explains the basic development of products and motivations for international trade (Ajami Goddard, 2006). The theory describes four discrete stages in a product life cycle: introduction, growth, maturity, and decline (Vernon, 1966) (see Figure 4). Figure 4: Product Life Cycle Theory (Vernon, 1966) The PLC theory has been widely adopted in analysis of international business and trade (Ajami Goddard, 2006). In Chapter 4.2 and Chapter 4.4.1, the theory has been used in explaining HMs product and market select and entry in global expansion progress. Uppsala Model The Uppsala Model suggests that a companys global expansion is a gradual process reliant on market knowledge and incremental decisions (Johanson and Vahlne, 1977; Frynas Mellahi, 2011). The theory is based on the assumption that firms expand globally with logical steps, based on the gathered information from foreign markets, which will lead to greater involvement of market commitment to more international business activities (Johanson and Vahlne, 1977; Frynas Mellahi, 2011). The model is based on two steps. First, when starting foreign market selection and entry, firms normally start expanding to neighbouring countries or countries with small psychic distance (Frynas Mellahi, 2011). Then after gathering experiential market knowledge, the firm expand to foreign markets step by step (Frynas Mellahi, 2011). Figure 5: Uppsala Model (Frynas Mellahi, 2011) The Uppsala Model helps understand a companys choice and plan in international market selection and mode of entry. In Chapter 4.4, Uppsala Model is employed to better illustrate the global expansion strategy of HM. Corporate Social Responsibility The European Commission defines Corporate Social Responsibility as: A concept whereby companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business operations and in their interaction with their stakeholders on a voluntary basis (Commission of the European Communities, 2001) The importances of CSR has been analysed by Porter and Kramer (2006) as follows: Figure 6: Importance of Corporate Social Responsibility (Porter and Kramer, 2006) In Chapter 4.5, the theory has been used to discuss and analyse HMs involvement in CSR activities and its effects. Market Positioning A firm can achieve its competitive advantages in either of two methods: either it can supply an identical product or service at a lower cost or it can supply a product or service that is differentiated in such a way that the customer is willing to pay a price premium that exceeds the additional cost of the differentiation (Grant, 2010), which defines two different approaches to achieve competitive advantages: cost leadership and differentiation. Combining the two approaches with the firms competitive scope either industry-wide or single segment Michael Porter has defined generic strategies as follows (Grant, 2010) (Figure 7): Figure 7: Porters Generic Strategies (Porter, 1980) And a firm should focus on either one of the strategies above and avoid stuck in the middle (Porter, 1980). By defining the firms strategy of achieving competitive advantages, the firm could be positioned in the market. Market positioning is about where you are located in the marketplace, largely as judge by customers, compared to the rest (Piercy, 2009) In Chapter 4.6.1, the market positioning theory has been used to analyse HMs competitive positioning within the market and serve as basis to comparative analysis against its competitors. Methodology As to the methodology of this dissertation, phenomenological paradigm is adopted due to the explanatory and descriptive nature of the analysis. Qualitative approach is implemented in the dissertation for that quantitative method requires the collection and interpretation of abundant accurate primary data to make sure reaching reliable conclusions, while the analysis of HM largely depends on secondary data and research group releases and third party opinions. Due to the limitation of my personal knowledge, further research might be needed for more accurate information to be acquired. Chapter 3: Industry Analysis HM operates within only a single segment: sale of clothing and cosmetics (MarketLine, 2012), which locates the company as a fast-fashion retailer in global apparel industry. The following chapter examines the industry with an overview, Five Forces Analysis, PESTLE Analysis and then comes up with Key Success Factors of the industry. 3.1 Industry Overview The apparel retail industry consists of the sale of menswear, womenswear, childrenswear, clothing accessories, hosiery and footwear within the global market including North America, South America, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, MEA and Asia-Pacific (MarketLine, 2012). Figure 8: Industry Overview of Global Apparel Industry (MarketLine, 2012) The global clothing retailing industry has witnessed moderate growth in recent years. In FY2011, the total revenue of the industry had reached $1175.4 billion, a 2.7% growth between FY2007 and FY2011 (Figure). In all categorical segments, the womenswear segment remained most profitable in FY2011, representing 51.1% of the total value of the industry (Euromonitor International, 2011). Figure 9: Global Apparel Retail Industry Value; Global Apparel Retail Industry Geography Segmentation (MarketLine, 2012) 3.2 Five Forces Analysis As introduced in Chapter 2.1.1, the market will be analysed from five aspects: buyer power, supplier power, substitutes, new entrants and degree of rivalry. The analysis will take individual consumers as key buyers, manufacturers and wholesalers as key suppliers, and other retailers as players. Figure 10: Forces driving competition in the global apparel retail industry (MarketLine, 2011) 3.2.1 Buyer Power In global apparel retail industry, buyers are mostly individual consumers. As clothing has been recognised as symbols of fashion taste and social status, buyer power is weakened by design patterns and branding of a retailer (Bhardwaj and Fairhurst, 2010). However, the low switching costs of consumers strengthen buyer powers due to various choices on market. Furthermore, apparel retailers are at the end of the value chain. In a market where fashion trends change quickly and unpredictably, they have to offer buyers as demanded. This enhances buyer power. Overall, buyer power in this industry is assessed as moderate. 3.2.2 Supplier Power Major suppliers in the industry are clothing manufacturers and wholesalers, which are normally small to medium sized firms (MarketLine, 2011). In most countries, the supplier sector is fragmented because of the absence of diversity among suppliers (MarketLine, 2011). And further fragmentation is made by the retailers ability to outsource from foreign countries, especially from low-wage and labour-intensive regions such as China and India (Deloitte, 2011). However, the law of national minimum wage in some countries raises the labour power of suppliers. So overall, supplier power is assessed as moderate. 3.2.3 New Entrants Moderate growth has been witnessed in global apparel industry, making less people attracted to the market. However, with low barriers to entry and low requirement to start up a business in the industry, there are high possibilities for individuals to enter. And low switching costs for consumers and lack of variety in product differentiation in the market is beneficial for new entrants to compete. However, in some countries (e.g. the US) the market is majorly occupied by some large corporations from scale economies and strong buyer power (MarketLine, 2011). Regulation in the industry has remained little but recently corporate social responsibility issues have been heated among consumers (Idowu Filho, 2008). These factors prove that new entrants are strong threats. 3.2.4 Substitutes There are no substitutes for apparel. However, major substitute for retailing is to buy clothes directly from manufacturers (Zentes et al, 2011). This option is strengthened by the increase of online stores. Online shopping has been increasingly accepted by consumers (Peck et al, 2011). And by running online fashion stores, large amount of overhead could be avoided. There are still niche substitutes like home-made and couture clothing, or second-hand clothing (MarketLine, 2011). However, substitute threats are assessed as weak. 3.2.5 Degree of Rivalry The global apparel clothing industry is considered as fragmented (Jones, 2006). There are large numbers of small size retailers with the same product differentiation. And with increasing number of retailers expanding products to accessories and other diversities, rivalry in the industry has been intensified. With a moderate growth and low requirement of market entry, a high degree of rivalry has been resulted. In conclusion, the global apparel retailing industry is fragmented with moderate growth, weak threat from substitutes, moderate buyer power and supplier power. Low barrier to entry and low requirement for entrants have resulted in strong threats of new entrants and further led to high degree of rivalry. 3.3 PESTLE Analysis As discussed in Chapter 2.1.1, the macro-environment of the industry is analysed by PESTLE analysis regarding political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental aspects (Grant, 2010). Political As for global apparel retailers, legislations vary among different countries and areas (Cobra, 2011). Every retailer in the industry must follow government regulations regarding goods and labour (Graham Richardson, 1997). And the political stability is also crucial for fashion retailers as it would directly affect their sales situation and asset safety (Aspers, 2010). Economic For fashion apparel retailers, economic trends are crucial for their strong impacts on consumer behaviours and purchasing powers. For example, in 2011, the global economic recession had negative effects on fashion retailers (Euromonitor International, 2011). Because consumers with lower disposable income regard clothing as functional item, while with higher disposable income branding became important as a symbol of social status and fashion taste (MarketLine, 2012). Price fluctuation of raw materials cotton price for apparel retailers has significant impacts on the industry (MarketLine, 2012). Interest rates also would affect sales and high interest rates lead to difficulties to trade overseas (Arnold, 2010). Moreover, currency situation is important as the exchange rate influences the value and trades of retailers (Browne, 2000). Social Increasing attentions from public have been focused on corporate social responsibilities (CSR) of apparel retailers, mainly regarding labour conditions, such as protection of workers rights, maintaining safe working conditions, reasonable wage and no child labours (Idowu Filho, 2008). Also, for global fashion retailers, cultural differences between counties are crucial due to different fashion trends, consumer behaviours, or local customs. Technological The development of technology has enabled global apparel retailers with e-commerce and international trade more effectively (Euromonitor, 2011). And with the implementation of high technology, supply chain has changed significantly with global outsourcing, real-time update, and continuous replenishment (Lopez and Fan, 2009). Moreover, online shopping has been increasingly accepted by consumers, which initiated a new channel for retailers to cut costs by less middlemen and no store rent (Peck et al, 2011). Law Global apparel retailers need to follow different government legislation regarding employment and production (Graham Richardson, 1997). For instance, in some countries, such as the UK, there is national minimum wage to protect employees rights (Low Pay Commission, 2011). And tariffs from international trade are also important for international retailers to abide by. Environmental Environment protection has remained a heated issue among apparel retailing industry, especially issues like chemical restrictions and pollutions during production (Euromonitor International, 2011). It is also crucial for retailers to save energies and materials and reduce environmental impacts during product life cycle (PLC) (Chapter 2.1.3). From the above analysis, global apparel industry largely depends on political stability, government legislation, high-technology, public relations. And fluctuating price of source remains a major challenge to apparel retailers. 3.4 Key Success Factors As introduced in Chapter 2.1.1, Key Success Factors of apparel retail industry is analysed with the Grant model by examining the demand and competition of the industry as following Figure 11: Identifying Key Success Factors of Global Apparel Retailing Industry (Grant, 2010) Therefore, from the analysis above, for a global apparel retailer, cost efficiency is one of the crucial factors for that low cost ensures profitability and efficiency indicates fast responding time to meet demand, allowing fashion and quality at the best price (HMs business concept, HM, 2011a). Brand strategy also plays a key role in apparel retailers success as it facilitates customer loyalty. Differentiation of style in fashion industry positions the companys competitiveness and brand image in the market. Global expansion strategy of an apparel retailer is also essential as choices of global markets and international strategy decide retailers future development, global presence and even profitability (Deloitte, 2011). The continuously heated issue of corporate social responsibility also remains the key to companys brand image among public and future growth. It plays a vital role in companys success due to the heated social issue of environmental protection and labour conditions (I dowu Filho, 2008) In the following chapter, the company will be analysed starting based on key success factors to seek for unique interpretation of HMs performance. Chapter 4: Analysis of HM This Chapter is mainly focuses on analysis of HM, starting by analysis based on four key success factors of the industry, followed by competitive positioning analysis, financial analysis, and SWOT analysis, and ended with recommendations. 4.1 Operations Strategy HMs business concept is to offer fashion and quality and the best price (HM, 2011a). To make sure the company follows the leading fashion trends, quality of designing and lead time of distribution are important (Slack et al, 2010). And the offer of best price needs to rely on the basis that cost from each stage has been minimised. 4.1.1 Reduction of Costs Cost-consciousness at every stage remains the key to HMs operations (ZavrÃ…Â ¡nik, 2007). To achieve the growth target with offering best price, HM has a professional buying team (HM, 2011a). The company arranges its buying activities according to decisions from design team (MarketLine, 2011). The buying team achieves lowest cost by purchasing in bulk with the right products from the right market (ZavrÃ…Â ¡nik, 2007). With no factories itself, the company outsources its product manufacturing to approximately 700 suppliers, mostly in Asia and Europe (HM, 2011a). The manufacturing locations are divided by the level of fashion-sensitiveness: the fashion-sensitive collections are normally manufactured within Europe to cut the lead time while the cost-sensitive and sustainable collections are produced in Asia to allow the lowest possible price and achieve economies of scale (HM, 2011a). Furthermore, HM focuses on building long-term relationships with suppliers and manufacturers (HM, 2011a). HM does not own any factories (HM, 2011a), so quality control over the whole process might be a problem. Due to fast responses to fashion trend, there is usually not enough time to perform detailed quality control. Therefore the company has been involved in accusation of poor quality. So, dependable suppliers could not only provide HM with lowest price, but also ensure the quality of products from long-term cooperation and mutual understanding. Moreover, as a fast-fashion retailer, HM has lead time from weeks up to six months (HM, 2011a), which is slower than its strongest competitor Zara (Inditex Group) of maximum 14 days. However, faster responses indicate higher cost, HM focuses on reduction of cost and achieves balance between fast-fashion and price, allowing averagely 30% 50% lower price than Zara (Larenaudie, 2004) 4.1.2 Speed of Responses HM holds the point that the right lead time should be balanced between price, time and quality instead of pursuing merely short lead time (Euromonitor, 2012). However, as a fast-fashion retailer, quick responding to fashion trends, consumer demand and other market changes is still key for the company (Grant, 2010). The company achieves fast responses by integrating downstream and being efficient at every stage (HM, 2011a). HM has a professional design team. The in-house design team, headquartered in Stockholm with over 150 internal designers, focuses on combining inspirations and information from multiple resources such as news, travelling, streetstyle and various exhibitions and catwalks (J.P.Morgan, 2012). This cross-functional designing could ensure the quick response to market change. High technology has also been used by HM to ensure the speed and efficiency of supply chain and enable changes could be made quickly enough and design agreement then could be fasten (Bruce and Daly, 2006). HM has conducted top-class computerised design software and built common IT platform that enables quick information exchange between the process of designing, production and warehouse. The group set only limited stocking area in each store to keep maximum area for display. So the replenishment needs to be backed up by effective distributions according to the daily sales. The immediate sales data communication serves as a strong basis for fast response and efficiency at every stage. With this in-house design and outsourced production process, HM claimed that their lead time could range from weeks to up to six months: fashion-conscious within weeks and sustainable and classics could be months (HM, 2011a), achieving balance between price, quality and time. 4.2 Marketing Mix Strategy After analysing the cost and efficiency strategy of the company, marketing strategy will be analysed first with the companys unique marketing mix (Chapter 2.1.2). Price HM makes effort to differentiate its brand image from other fast-fashion retailers with competitive low price (ZavrÃ…Â ¡nik, 2011). The company makes efforts to offer best possible price in spite of fluctuating costs of raw materials. However, the price range of HM products varies according to designs, current interest rates, and tariffs (Larenaudie, 2004). Product Clothing is the main product for HM. The company offers a wide range of designs for clothing, from classics to basics, to designs following the latest fashion trends. In addition, HM expands product mix to make the most of sales opportunities, such as make-up and costume jewellery at competitive prices, and home furnishings for young households (Euromonitor, 2011). Furthermore, as fashion trends intertwined (Steele, 2011), the new sustainable collection and classics collection enable a longer Product Life Cycle (Chapter 2.1.3) to maximise the design and avoid quick decline. Promotion Marketing promotion is crucial for apparel retailers to build the brand image (Cooklin, 2006). Various methods could be adopted, such as advertising, social media presence, personal selling, publicity, presentations (Cooklin, 2006). For HM, inviting guest designers has been a major attraction to customers (Euromonitor International, 2011). Also, HM has two major fashion seasons annually spring season and autumn season, and two sales season summer sales and the Christmas and New Year season (HM, 2011a). The two sales seasons promote products and attracts more customer visits with even lower prices. Place HM has strong global presence with over 2500 stores by the end of 2011 (MarketLine, 2011). However, the majority of HMs store-based apparel sales come from Europe, with Germany contributing the most, followed by the UK and France (Euromonitor International, 2011). In addition, HM has a growth target to increase the number of stores by 10% to 15% every year (HM, 2011a). But the company does not own any store facilities. By renting store premises the company could achieve flexibility to the best level and make sure store locate at the best possible position. And the company has leading distribution system enabling continuous replenishment based on real-time update sales data (Bruce and Daly, 2006). 4.3 Brand and Multi-Channel Strategy In the fashion retail industry, brand image is crucial in building customer loyalty (Bhardwaj and Fairhurst, 2010). HM is the most important brand for the group and enjoys strong presence internationally. With only limited investment in advertisement on TV, HMs collections with famous guest designers and celebrities have been the major hit to attract customers. From Karl Lagerfeld for HM in 2004, M by Madonna in 2007, Jimmy Choos shoes and bags in selected stores in 2009, to the exciting autumn hit Versace for HM in 2011 and Marni at HM in 2012, the guest collections fully showed attraction to customers, which interlink the price-conscious brand together with great design and quality (Euromonitor, 2011). As a mass-production fashion retailer, HM could raise brand impacts globally by cooperation with celebrities and famous brands to create the feeling of luxury and limit edition for its own customers. By collaboration with HM, luxurious brands could open up customer market with lower disposable income. Figure 12: Images of HMs Collections by Guest Designers and Celebrities (Versace, Madonna, Jimmy Choo) (HM Annual Report) In addition, HM sells not only through store premises, but also over the internet and catalogue books, which with brand strategy, composes together HMs multi-channel strategy. HM has made positive progress by promoting limited online sales globally allowing consumers in areas with no HM stores to purchase online, which boosts global brand image for HM and generates sales (MarketLine, 2011). The company also produces own online webzine HM Life, linking to its online stores and fashion items with latest trends (Euromonitor International, 2012). Furthermore, HM has successfully combined social media strategy to build up its brand and customer loyalty with Facebook page, twitter account, YouTube account and special online social hub (MarketLine, 2011). For example, HMs Facebook page has competitive engagement rate of 2% (likes, comments, share, etc.). And the presence of free smartphone app for its brand is available to keep customers update with new products and sales. Figure 13: Images of HMs Social Media Network: Facebook Page, Twitter Page and Youtube Page (HM, 2012) With the success of clothing, HM further extend the product range to maximise sales opportunities by selling low cost make-up and jewellery and home furnishing (MarketLine, 2011). Following Inditex, the group has transferred into multi-brand channels. Besides HM, the group also has four independent brands, namely COS, Monki, Weekday and Cheap Monday, allowing the company expand its network further and avoiding saturation in European market (Euromonitor, 2011). However, these brands still only have limited presence globally. 4.4 Domestic and Global Strategy With a unique strategy and clear brand identity, a fashion retailer should then develop its global expansion for further growth. The global expansion strategy and process could be better illustrated with Uppsala Model theory (Chapter 2.1.4). 4.4.1 Market Selection and Entry HM, headquartered in Sweden, started expansion into neighbouring countries Norway (1964) and Denmark (1967) (MarketLine, 2011), and followed by entering other countries and regions (Chapter 2.1.4) (Appendix 1). As introduced in Chapter 2, similar culture or shared borders could all reduce psychic distances between foreign customers and can encourage the companys global expansion (Ghemawat, 2001). Western Europe still witness HMs majority of sales growth, which shows the effects of shorter psychic distances. Following Uppsala model (Chapter 2.1.4), after gathering market knowledge and analysis of potential growth, the company entered global market by acquisitions and with greater levels of market commitment (Appendix 1). With an ambitious growth target of 10% to 15% increase in store numbers every year (HM, 2011a), the company strategically selected global markets and made effort to expand globally step by step. Gradually, the brand established its global name among consumers. However, the dominance of Western Europe leaves HM reliant on this region (Euromonitor, 2011). Economic recession within the Eurozone could influence the sales directly, and saturation would limit HMs further growth potential. At the meantime, the apparel industry in other districts prospers, especially Latin America, with a forecast sales value growth of 25%, where HM is absent (Euromonitor, 2011). Eastern Europe and Asia Pacific is also forecast with high sales value growing potential of 32% and 33% respectively (Euromonitor, 2011). 4.4.2 Domestic Strategy After selection and entry into global market, HM has witnessed strong global growth. Compared with international market, domestic market has moderate performance. However, headquartered in Sweden, HM still possesses large portion of market share (Euromonitor, 2012). The companys sales growth in Sweden remains steady (Figure 14). With strong purchasing power, consumers in Sweden tend to buy clothes for enjoyment over necessity. Most of sales were conducted in store purchasing over the past five years (Figure 1

The Lumberjack :: essays research papers

'Timber!'; and with a crash the mighty oak hit the ground. There was never a tree too big or a job too tough for Woody. He enjoyed his job as a lumberjack and with good reason. The pay was good, he had always liked the outdoors and he was good at what he did. In fact, some say he was the best. His friends in the city however said he was crazy for moving away. They said there are so many opportunities in the city, but Woody never wanted opportunities, he just wanted to be a lumberjack. So far this job was running smoothly. They were on schedule and there was an abundance of trees in British Columbia to keep them busy for the next while. It seemed so simple at first. Woody and his crew would cut down the trees and they would be shipped to a nearby river where they would be floated downstream to the new lumber mill. At least this was what was supposed to happen. After the first couple loads, there came reports that the logs weren't reaching their destination. Some of the men started talking about how they were logging on uncharted territory and this was a bad omen. Woody just laughed and said, 'Uncharted territory or not, we have a job to do and I'm not going to let some little thing like this ruin my reputation. I'll go see what the problem is.'; And so Woody packed a bag with supplies and sailed off down the river to find the missing logs. It wasn't long before the lush green landscape of trees he saw around him became a bare region of stumps and small brush. It was almost as if another logging crew had been here before him. He was amazed at the number of trees that had been cut down. It would have taken his entire crew at least a week and yet all of the stumps looked freshly cut. Woody had to find out what was happening. A bit further down the river he found his answer. There in front of him were all of the missing logs. They had became jammed at the base of the biggest beaver dam he had ever seen. He gazed up at it in awe of it's shear size. The river itself was quite wide and this dam covered it from shore to shore.

Play Critique Essay

The play being discussed in this critique will be Metamorphoses written and originally directed by Mary Zimmerman. The URI Theatre department produced its own version directed by Steven Raider-Ginsburg. It was performed between the dates of February 21-March 3, 2013. Costume design was by David T Howard, Scene design by Patrick Lynch. Lighting design was handled by Christian Wittwer and Sound design was by Michael Hyde. This production shows students continuing their development as actors thru the form of Theatre. Metamorphoses is a play that is staged as a series of vignettes. It was originally based on the poem by the Roman poet Ovid. He uses ancient Greek Mythology to explain the events happening in the vignettes. Gods like Poseidon, Hermes Americo Lanni. Or Hades and Midas played by Brandon Gailliard. Zeus and Bacchus were played by Benjamin Hill. Who could forget Aphrodite played by Catherine Poirier. Metamorphoses is not a conventional arrangement and has a non-linear point of view. A linear dramatic action may be set as with the following steps, one- A state of equilibrium, two- An inciting incident, three.- Point of attack of the major dramatic question, four- Rising action, five- Climax, six- Resolution and seven- New state of equilibrium. First one event, then the next and the following one after that and so on and so forth. Metamorphoses does not follow this laid out set of steps and no single analysis can make it follow this formula. However each of the separate stories embedded within the play is in itself a â€Å"well-made play† within a play. Each story can be easily followed and analyzed through a look at the seven parts already established. An example that can easily demonstrate and lay out the structure is the story of Erysichthon described within Metamorphoses. When it comes to the actual production of the play there are several differences between individual performances of this play. The original play was done on water, I understand that would not be possible here. The lighting however did work for most of the play. The one part in particular I didn’t like was for the lightning strike, maybe make the lighting fixture in the shape of a lightning bolt? Set design was another area I took particular attention to during the play. When it got dark in between scenes that’s when I knew changes were being made but I can honestly say I never was able to see anyone making changes even though you knew they were there. The costume design for this play was also another challenge to create I saw. The play tended to jump a couple centuries at a time with leads to vastly different wardrobe changes. Like in the beginning they were wearing very basic white sheets, yet underneath you could notice the other layers they would be needing for later. The sound however was probably the biggest drawback for this play. Maybe it’s because the speakers aren’t the greatest but it seemed at times the special effect sounds were quitter than the actors, you couldn’t even notice it at times when you were supposed to. Overall this was a very satisfying Theatre performance for me to see. It was my first but probably will not be my last, I look forward to enjoying more.

Belarus essays

Belarus essays On August 25, 1991 the Republic of Belarus gained its independence from the Soviet Union.The Republic of Belarus had recognized the city of Minsk as its capital. Landlocked in Eastern Europe, Belarus has a total area of 207,600 sq km, including no appreciable water areas. Belarus has 3,098 km of borderline adjacent to 5 different countries. Belarus is mainly comprised generally of flat land with a good deal of marshland. This land can be dived into 5 land uses: arable land 29%, permanent crops 1%, permanent pastures 15%, forests and woodland 34%, other 21% (1993 est.). Belarus generally has cool and moist summers with cold and sometimes harsh winters. Belarus main natural resources consist of peat deposits, forests, and small quantities of natural gas and oil. Since Minsks liberation in 1944 its population has steadily increased from 50,000 to 1,672,000 people as (1995 est.), qualifying it as the largest city in Belarus. Excluding Minsk, Belarus top 5 cities by population in order are: Homjel', Mahiljow, Vicebsk, Hrodna, and Brst (2001 est.). 99.9 % of all electricity in Belarus is produced by fossil fuels while 0.01 % is hydroelectric. Per year, Belarus produces 24.911 billion kWh while the consumption of kWh is at 27.647 billion kWh, forcing Belarus to import 7.1 billion kWh, although Belarus does export 2.62 billion kWh. The only environmental issues plaguing Belarus are soil pollution from excessive pesticide use and nuclear fallout in the south from the 1986 Chernobyl accident. Belarus has a population of 10,350,194, growing at a rate of -.15% per year. Belarus has a population density of 50.10 people/sq km, currently ranked 147th in the world. Belarus has a mortality rate of 13.97 deaths/1,000 population and a infant mortality rate of 14.38 deaths/1,000 live births. Belarus ratios are: under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female ...

Get Over a Bad Break Up With These Lost Love Quotes

Get Over a Bad Break Up With These Lost Love Quotes Coping with a bad breakup? Has your boyfriend dumped you for greener pastures? Sure, love hurts. You knew that even before you got into the relationship. Love is not a garden of roses. Sometimes there are thorns too. Love is good; love is bad. You have to accept the whole package. Are you asking yourself right now: why me? You did not deserve this cold shoulder treatment, but you got it. You did everything possible to make the relationship work. Yet, you were dropped like a hot potato. Instead of beating yourself up, take a deep breath and calm down. Maybe, this was not meant to be. Everything happens for a good reason. Now, pull yourself together. You will come out of this mess unscathed. You will emerge stronger and wiser, after you have swallowed lifes bitter pills. So what now? Do you go back to your boyfriend, begging him to take you back? If that works for you, do it. However, ask yourself whether you would be happy to reconcile with your ex, after having lost your self-esteem during the process. If your boyfriend has dumped you, you should not be the needy, desperate lover who is willing to sign on a blank sheet of paper. The desperation to get back together should be mutual, if a healthy reconciliation has to occur. Instead, spend some time in quiet contemplation. Use this occasion to learn a few things about yourself. Reinvent yourself, not because you want your lost love to come back, but because you want to improve. Here are some lost love quotes for him. They work like a soothing balm on an aching heart. Release the venom inside you, and rebuild your life. As Alfred Lord Tennyson famously said, Tis better to have loved and lost, than never to have loved at all. Henry Ward Beecher What the heart has once owned and had, it shall never lose. Anais Nin Love never dies a natural death. It dies because we dont know how to replenish its source. It dies of blindness and errors and betrayals. It dies of illness and wounds; it dies of weariness, of withering, of tarnishing. My Best Friends Wedding If you love someone, you say it, you say it right then, out loud, or the moment just passes you by. Mignon McLaughlin In the arithmetic of love, one plus one equals everything, and two minus one equals nothing. Dorothy Parker Love is like quicksilver in the hand. Leave the fingers open and it stays. Clutch it, and it darts away. Kahlil Gibran Ever has it been that love knows not its own depth until the hour of separation. Ian McEwan When its gone, youll know what a gift love was. youll suffer like this. So go back and fight to keep it. La Bruyere We perceive when love begins and when it declines by our embarrassment when alone together. William Shakespeare So dear I love him that with him,All deaths I could endure.Without him, live no life. David Grayson Looking back, I have this to regret, that too often when I loved, I did not say so. Anonymous You will never know true happiness until you have truly loved, and you will never understand what pain really is until you have lost it. John Greenleaf Whittier For all sad words of tongue and pen, the saddest are those It might have been. G. K. Chesterton The way to love anything is to realize that it may be lost. Barbara DeAngelis You never lose by loving. You always lose by holding back. Alfred, Lord Tennyson Tis better to have loved and lost than never to have loved at all. Edgar Allan Poe We loved with a love that was more than love. Michel de Montaigne If a man should importune me to give a reason why I loved him, I find it could no otherwise be expressed, than by making answer: because it was he, because it was I. William Thackeray It is best to love wisely, no doubt; but to love foolishly is better than not to be able to love at all. The Beatles Who knows how long Ive loved you,You know I love you still.Will I wait a lonely lifetime?If you want me to I will. Gretchen Kemp Theres this place in me where your fingerprints still rest, your kisses still linger, and your whispers softly echo. Its the place where a part of you will forever be a part of me.

Your task is to use a range of such perspectives to analyse the Essay

Your task is to use a range of such perspectives to analyse the management and decision making at cadbury using several these viewpoints - Essay Example PRICE- should the products be priced higher or lower than those ÃŽ ¿f competitors? In local areas, most corner shops sell Cadbury chocolate at the same price as competitor e.g. Cadbury whole nut costs 35 pence, while a Mars bar and Galaxy bar cost 35 pence as well. PLACE- where will customers want to buy the products? Cadbury sells its products to shops (business) that deal with beverages and confectionery e.g. corners shops, super stores (Iceland, Sainsbury, Kwick Save, Tesco, Asda, Safeway), petrol station etc. these business are usually visited by customers on a daily bases. PROMOTION- where should the products be advertised, to suit the needs ÃŽ ¿f the businesss target market? Cadbury advertises its products on television, Internet, billposter, in beverages and confectionery business by hanging posters. This would help Cadbury to achieve ones ÃŽ ¿f its objectives, which is "to be the Number one product in a given market". By achieving this objective it would lead them to achieve the other objective, such as "maximising profit etc. (refer to objective on page 4). The research and development department is the department that researches new products and develops the old products. To remain successful, business must constantly work to create new and better products and processes. Development- this involves turning the findings ÃŽ ¿f the research into useful products or processes. If Cadbury had a mishap with a chocolate, the research and development department would try to correct the mishap. The research and development department must work closely with the marketing and production departments in particular this is because marketing and production are the beginning and end ÃŽ ¿f producing a product. Cadbury has more than one management style. This is so it has the best management. This is in terms ÃŽ ¿f efficiency, training, and knowledge and to focus more on the loyalty ÃŽ ¿f the workers in Cadbury. Cadbury has three management styles, which are: Democratic